Last modified: 2009-10-30 by dov gutterman
Keywords: italy | cymbr | furlans | roma | cimbri | catalonia | alghero | sardinia | arberesh | tzimber | croatia | campobasso | walser |
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Minorities in North Italy are:
- Occitani
- Franco-Provenzali (in Piedmont, Valle d'Aosta) - I suppose they
are using the flags of Movimento
Harpytania and the red-black flags of Aosta
- Walser (a germanic people, in Valle d'Aosta,
Piedmont and C.Tessin-CH) - Has an own (very elaborated) flag
- Sudtiroler (AltoAdige/Südtirol)
- Tzimber/Cimbri (Veneto, Trentino)
- Ladins/Ladini (Veneto, Trentino,
Friuli)
- Furlans/Friulani (Friuli)
- Slavi (or Sloveni) (Friuli)
Matteo Colaone, 11 November 2000
Also called "Arbe Risht". They fly the Albanian flag, I guess.
Antonio Martins, 1 August 1999
Arberesh (Italy) - These are ethnical Albanians in Puglia and Basilicata.
They most certainly use the Albanian flag, undefaced, if
anything.
Antonio Martins, 14 September 2000
Local "Catalanists" in Alghero (Sardinia) may use
the "qutre barres", but As far
as I know this town is not claimed as a part of "Greater
Catalonia", just a place where catalonian happend to live.
Antonio Martins, 14 September 2000
Alghero was populated by people from Catalan region named CAMP
(Reus, my city, is the main city) as a position to assure the
control over Sardinia where four Judges (Lords) sometime revolted
against Catalan domination. Ethnic pure catalan was maintened
until XX century. Currently Sardinian and Italian population are
the majory in the city. The concept of Greater Catalonia is out
of the Catalonian views. Some months ago I watched a report in
catalan TV from Algher. Catalan flag is hoisted in the port, in
the fishing ships and in some building from cultural
associations, but catalans in Algher don't have special rights
(school, radio, TV, books...) and in few generations the catalan
will be merged and will cease to exist as seperate community.
Jaume Ollé, 15 September 2000
I wanted to add information about the centuries old Croatian
community that lives in Molise. The live in the province of Campobasso.
They live in three villages and arrived in Italy at the beginning
of the Ottoman conquest of the region. Today they number some
2000. The villages are: Aquaviva Collecroce (Cr. Ziva Voda-Kruc),
Montemitro (Cr. Mundimitar) and San Felice del Molise (Cr.
Filic). The Molise Croatians are recognized as one of Italy's
minority groups and have the right to teach their language see Eurolang.net
for more details.
The arms for these villages can be found at the sites of cquaviva
Aquaviva
Collecroce (Ziva Voda-Kruc), Montemitro
(Mundimitar) and San
Felice del Molise (Filic)
As for using the Croatian flag, I do not know. Both the Republic
of Croatia flag and the Italian flag are shown during a
presentation of the Molise Croatian dictionary. The flag may be
there because the Croatian Embassy was there...see <digilander.libero.it/montemitro/Fondazione.files/diz.montemitro.hr.htm>.
Marko Puljic, 4 Febuary 2001
I e-mailed the webmaster of the Molise Croatian website, and
she confirmed that the Croatians in Italy do not have their own
flag.
Marko Puljic, 6 December 2002
I guess all these are Gypsies (rroma), using the usual gypsy
flag - if any at all
Antonio Martins , 1 August 1999
Italian "Cimbri" have nothing to do with Rom
(Gypsies). This is the self-denomination of little minorities
scattered throughout Northern Italy and coming from Austria or
Southern Bavaria (XII-XIV centuries): the major Cimbre
communities are the ones of the 13 Communes ("13
Comuni") on the mounts over Verona, the 7 Communes ("7
Comuni") in the mpuntains N of Vicenza, and a few villages
in the Provinces of Trento (Luserna), Belluno (Sappada/Ploden),
Udine (Sauris and Timau). Their peculiar dialects - directly
deriving from Middle German are still preserved in some of the
villages.
Though there are general conventions of all the Cimbri, I
don't know of any flag common to all of them. They use the flags
of their single villages or confederations of communes (Verona
and Vicenza). The name "Cimbri" has nothing to do with
the Cimbri and Theutones defeated by Marius in North Germany in
the first Century BC. It is, on the contrary, to be tied with
modern German Zimmer (room < hut made of wood) or with English
Timber (wood for construction). These Germanic peoples were
called to Italy because they were good wood-cutters and
carpenters and especially because they knew how to obtain coal
from wood and therefore how to get the high temperatures that
were needed for smelting metals. As a consequence when a North
Italian Lord wanted to open a mine almost always called Cimbri
settlers.
Alberto M. Mioni, 13 April 2000
They call themselves Tzimbar, and they speak a Germanic
language called "Tauch". The modern version of the
origin of this mysterious people could be this: in 1287
Bartolomeo della Scala, bishop of Verona asked some families of
woodcutter, "tzimberer" in german, to work in a wide
forest, Lessinia. So They settled in this area, the
so-called "die Dreizehn Gemeinden/Tredici Comuni". The
names of the "thirteen communes" are (tauch and italian
names):
1- Kalwein (it: Badia Calavena)
2- Nuagankirchen (it: Bosco Chiesanuova)
3- Silva Hermanorum (it: Cerro Veronese)
4- ? (it: Erbezzo)
5- ? (it: Rover?)
6- San Moritz (it: San Mauro delle Saline)
7- Prugne and Ljetzan (it: Selva di Progno)
8- Vellje-Feld (it: Velo Veronese).
The last 5 are no more indipendent communes, but the italian
administration included them in the previous ones. They are:
9- Kampsilvan
10- San Bortolo
11- Tavernole
12- Porrental
13- Azzarino.
All in Verona province, Veneto region.
Tzimbar also live in the area of "Die Sieben Gemeinden/Sette
Comuni" in Vicenza province, Veneto region. The seven
communes should be:
1- Schlage (it: Asiago) - now a beautiful touristic village -
2- ? (it: Gallio)
3- Robaan (it: Roana)
4- Canove (?)
5- Vallorch (?)
6- Pich (?)
7- Pian Osteria (?)
Other little Tzimber "islands" in North italy in the
previous comment.
Tzimber don't use any national flag; but Selva di Progno (VR) has
an interesting Coat of Arms:
every star stand for one of the 13 communes. In Asiago Coat of Arms 7 human heads
stand for the 7 communes; the cross is the so-called "Schio
cross". It seems that yellow and red are the colours of
Asiago; I saw a flag Y-R (divided vertically?) in that city in
december 1999.
Tzimber have really nothing to do with Gypsies or Rom peoples!
Matteo Colaone, 11 November 2000
I recieved information that there is a Flag of the Seven
Cimbri Comunes, and flag of the historical territorial milizia of
the Seven Comunes.
Jaume Ollé, 25 November 2001
It is relatively well established by now that the present-day
Cimbri have nothing to do with the ancient, proto-Germanic tribe
of Cimbri of Jutland. They are the settlers from the German
lands, who arrived to what is now Northern Italy in the early
Middle Ages. Their languages (or dialects) are related to old
Bavarian and old German, but being more isolated, are therefore
less recognizable as German. Their name derives from the word
"Tzimberer"(carpenter).
Sometime in the 12th and 13th centuries, the various settlements
in the Veneto mountains formed themselves into self-governing
federations. These were the 13 communes in the northern Verona
Hills and the 7 communes in the Asiago plateau. There are smaller
Cimbri communities in Belluno and Trento Provinces. Both of the
larger groups formed loose aliances with the city of Venice,
mostly for trade purposes.
The Sette (Seven) Comuni federation is known to have been fully
organized between the years of 1270 and 1339, but the Document of
Federation was destroyed in fires due to hostilities around 1500.
The federation lasted until the Napoleonic invasions around 1807.
The territory was under the Austrian rule from 1815 to 1866 and
was annexed to Italy by the international accord in 1866.
Chrystian Kretowicz, 20 July 2007
See also:
See: Friuli - Venezia Giulia Region
Occitani (in Piedmont) use the Occitania flag (with yellow
Toulose cross on red) and white flag with a red Sun of the Alps
(the same used by Padanian autonomist).
Matteo Colaone, 11 November 2000
Slovenes are present in the eastern part of the region of
Friuli Venezia Giulia along the Italian-Slovenian
border, mostly in and around cities of Trieste (Trst),
Gorizia (Gorica) and Tarvisio (Trbiž). There are some
ten thousand Slovenes. They are native inhabitants of the
region. As far as it is known to me, they don't use any common
flag or coat of arms to represent themselves, except of course
signs of many cultural and economic societies they are organised
within.
Uroš Herman, 7 October 2004
Slavia Veneta - Beneška Slovenija is Inhabited by a
significant number of Slovenians, this small area alongside the
Italo-Slovene border in Friulia (Udine
Province, Friuli-Venezia-Giulia Region)
has a long history quite well presented at wikipedia.
Its Coat-of-Arms is described at Heraldry Of The
World site and the flag
is shown at: <www.laliberacompagnia.org>
and <galloromanzi.splinder.com>.
Since 2001, the Slovenians of Slavia Veneta are a recognized
minority people of Italy and enjoy all the rights due to them as
such.
Chrystian Kretowicz, 19 July 2008
If I understand the mentioned sites well, this is supposedly
the flag of the Slovenian people living in the Itaian region next
to the Slovenian border. For what I know, the Venetian Slovenes
(if that is the proper name in English, being literal translation
of Slovene term "Beneški Slovenci", that Slovenian
language uses for this minority group), are not organized
politically in such way and do not have any particular flag of
their own - and if they use any flag to symbolize them they are
using the Slovene tricolour (with the
Slovenian Coat of Arms or possibly without it as well).
It seems to me that the mentioned two sites are politically
coloured for the Padanian movement, and
this flags seems to me to be the invention of this movement. I
would be very cautious with reporting of this flag and would like
to see some other sources about it and its actual use.
On the other hand, the flag seems to be nothing else but the
banner of arms of the Duchy of Carniola (Krain); (see wikipedia).
Considering that the Carniola has never reached in size the
territory of the Venetian Slovenia, it makes no much sence.
Anyway, much caution and more research should be given to this
flag.
Željko Heimer, 20 July 2008
What intrigues me more is why the scheme from the historic
coat of arms of the region wasn't utilized for
"Padanian" or otherly inspired flag of Slavia Veneta,
if any. I would speculate that the Slovenes of Venetia felt an
affinity with the Duchy of Carniola, as the only autonomous unit
of Slovene people of the time in 19th century to cherish its
symbol, but this would be probably difficult to prove.
The Slovenes of Slavia Veneta are indeed very well organized in
the form of the party of Slovenska Skupnost (Slovene Union) and
have the representation (albeit not direct) in the Chamber of
Deputies and Senate of the Italian Republic and (direct) at the
legislature of Friuli-Venezia -Giulia. See <www.slovenskaskupnost.net>
and wikipedia,
although, it seems, the party doesn't have a flag.
Chrystian Kretowicz, 21 July 2008
This is a clever speculation, but while not impossible, it
sounds unlikely. I've spent time in Friuli and Benecija, (albeit
not recently) and I don't recall seeing any popular use of the
Carniolan eagle.
Eugene Ipavec, 21 July 2008
One of the first (the first?) source for most of these flags
is "Bandiere di libertŕ" by Gilberto Oneto. This book
is a somewhat problematic mixture with true historical flags, old
flags somewhat revived, a few totally invented, some mistaken
flags etc.
For the Italian Slovenians (I would not call them
"Venetian" Slovenians, as they live in the region
Friuli Venezia Giulia, not Veneto), the book contains two images
and about one page of text. The images are the current national
flag of Slovenia (fig. 56a) and the Carnian
banner-of-arms (fig. 56b) as sent by Chrystian (red legs on the
eagle, though).
The text correctly describes the history of the Slovenian
national flag. The Banner-of-Arms text reads as follows (my
translation from Italian): "The arms of the ancient
Hapsburgian duchy of Carniola, on the other hand, had an eagle
Azur on a field Argent, armed and langued Gules, crowned Or, and
covered on the breast with a crescent checkered Or and
Gules." - That is all, i.e. nothing about a possible current
usage, not even about the usage as flag, just the description of
the arms.
Slovenska Skupnost holds one seat (out of 57) in the Friuli
Venezia Giulia regional legislature (since 2008). It has,
however, never had any seat in the national
parliament. In 1992 a coalition of small minority parties won a
seat each in both of the chambers; however, the seat was gained
by a member of the PSd'Az (Partito Sardo d'Azione) and an
independent [see Italian
wikipedia]. In the following elections there was nothing even
close to this success.
I am not totally sure about the flag of the party. I had asked
them three years ago for a flag and the reply was (24 March
2005): "we do not have a flag for sale." From my
experience with Italian party flags since then I would conclude
that they quite probably have a flag, but only a few copies of
them, so they would not give away any of them. However, we would
have to find out for sure. An educated guess for the flag would
be the party symbol (as found on their website) on a white
background.
Marcus E.V. Schmöger, 22 July 2008
image by Matteo Colaone, 6 October 2002
image by Matteo Colaone, 6 October 2002
Walser people is an important german-speaking
minority (Walser Gemeinschaft) in Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta
regions. Nowadays they live in these towns In
Verbania-Cusio-Ossola province:
Pomatt/Formazza, Z'Makána/Macugnaga. In Vercelli province:
Im Land/Alagna, Fubely/Fobello, Rémmalyu/Rimella,
Rimŕsk/Rimasco. In Aosta province: Greschňney
Oberteil/Gressoney-la-Trinité; Greschňney Onderteil ňn
Méttelteil/Gressoney-Saint-Jean, Eischeme/Issime; Walser also
live in Canton Ticino (CH) in Bosco Gurin village.
FLAGS:
Above - flag of Walser communities, adopted in 1815, it reminds
Canton Vallese (CH) flag, as Walser people comes from that
land. White and red stand for "Legione
Tebana"'s martyrs that died in Martigny in 287 d.C.;
the ten stars stand for the number of communities in
the valley (nine in Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta and one in
Canton Ticino).
Below - flag used by Aosta province Walser communities. The
hearth-shaped emblem represents the flag of Walser communities;
the other symbol is called Winkelkreutz
("cornercross"), used by Gressoney's merchants in '600,
and it reminds Odin-Wotan's rune (Odin was the protector of
merchants). Palm leaves simbolize the Legione Tebana. Black and
red in the borders are the well-known Valle d'Aosta colours.
Matteo Colaone, 6 October 2002
However, photo of the flag at <www.regione.vda.it>
shows a small differencies in the ratio and in the size of the
emblem on the flag. On the same page with the photo is shown the
emblem.
Valentin Poposki, 13 February 2008
The emblem shown on the flag at <www.regione.vda.it>
is different from the emblem shown alone (being elliptic instead
of circular). So there are possibly different variants of the
flag.
Marcus Schmöger, 23 February 2008
I think it is just a distorsion of the photo, being
photographed from a strange angle.
Valentin Poposki, 23 February 2008
image from Flagonline
Flagonline report the
flag of Walser:
"The flag of Valser or Walser People (from the german
Walliser, that is to say valleyan, the inhabitant of the swiss
Vallese canton), the population of germanic origins (Alemans)
migrated during the VIII century in the area of the actual Berne
(High Valley) and during the XIII century in different places of
Italy, Switzerland,
Liechtenstein and Austria. Walser houses are present in Pedemonte
(Alagna Valsesia) in Ossola valley and in the Valley of Aoste
(Lys Valley and Ayas Valley).
Formal Country Name: Walser
Local Country Name: Walser
Capital City of Walser : Alagna "
As a proof this flag is not a fantasy, but really exists and is
actually displayed (in this case in the parochial church in
Alagna), at <www.comune.alagnavalsesia.vc.it>
showing it between the flags of Italy, Switzerland, Austria and
Liechtenstein. (photo at the bottom of the page).
Chrystian Kretowicz, 29 July 2009
See also: Valais / Wallis canton (Switzerland), Valsesia
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