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Papa (Veszprem, Hungary)

Pápa város

Last modified: 2007-06-09 by dov gutterman
Keywords: veszprem | papa | saint stephen |
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image by István Molnár, 13 August 2001



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Overview

Pápa is a small beautiful town in Veszprém County in Hungary near to Gyor (45 km) and Veszprém (55 km) at the borders of the Bakony Mountains and the Little Hungarian Plains. The town has 34,419 inhabitants (1990 census) nearly all of them are Hungarians. Three of the Official Ethnic Minorities of Hungary have ethnic councils in the town. They are: Gipsy, German and Polish.
The territory has been populated from the Stone Age - a cemetery of the Celts and Roman has been found. In the 6th-7th centuries in the territory of the town there was a bigger Avarian settlement. In Borsosgyor (village united the town in 1973) there was an Avarian entrenchment (gyor ~ gyuru in English means ring). After the Avars, the Slovenes had arrived they gave the name of the brook of  Pa'pa: Tapolca (in English means: hot water brook).
The first mention of the town was in 1061. It was a borough in 1389 under the rule of the Garai family. In 1401 there was a meeting of the Lords of Hungary convened by King Sigismund. The Fort Pa'pa was built in 1444. In 1482 Pápa was a Royal Town with 3.000 inhabitants. In the time of the Turkish War (1525-1699) Pápa was an important border fortress. It was besieged by the Ottomans in 1543, 1551 and 1594. 1594-1597 and in 1683 was under Turkish rule. In 1531 was found the Calvinist School, 1585-1952  it was a High School of the Calvinists. In January 1704 the town led by the captain of the fort Pápa , La'szlo' Sa'ndor joined to Prince Ra'ko'czi. At the time of the Prince Ra'ko'czi's Independent War the fort often changed hands. In 1707, when the Habsburg Army occupied the fort, it burnt up the town. In 1752 the fort was destroyed. Ka'roly Esterha'zy, the landlord of Pápa built the castle in 1783-1784. At the time of the Revolution and Independent War (1848-1849) citizens of Pa'pa take up arms and went to the battles eagerly. After the defeat the war leaders of Pápa were took prisoner. At the end of the 19th century Pa'pa was growing quickly. Because Pa'pa had got an airfield (from 1937), it was bombarded in the WWII. Three villages was united with Pápa : Borsosgy?r (1973), Ke'ttornyu'lak (1977) and Tapolcafo~ (1982).
The coat of arms shows Saint Stephen, the martyr, whom name is the title of the parish church. The first picture of the coat of arms is from 1687.
You can see: former Esterha'zy Mansion (baroque 1783-1784) built on the place of the destroyed fort, St Stephen Parish "Old" Church (1774-1786), Museum of the Local History, former Stable now Hotel Plata'n (classicist), High Square (baroque), House "on Legs" or Arcade, "Gate-House" (1750), Zichy House, Korvin Street, Franciscan Church (1678-1764), Hotel Griff (1790), Baroque-Classicist Reformed "Old" Church (1783-1784), former City Hall (1823), Benedict Church (1737-1742) and former Benedict High School, City Hall (1757-1898), former County Hall (1823), "O'-kolle'gium" former Calvinist High School (1797), Synagogue (Classicist 1846), former Cistercian Monastery (1711), new Calvinist Church (1931-1934), Calvinist High School (1894-1895, there learnt many famous Hungarian celebrities: Mo'r Jo'kai - writer, Sa'ndor Peto~fi, poet...), Scientific Collection of the Library of the Calvinist Church District, Museum of Blue Dyers', Hospital (founded by Ferenc Esterha'zy in 1757, built 1763-1768), Old Mills (more of them ruin), City Park. The oldest building of the town is in Ke'ttornyu'lak (name means: Settlement with two tower) village. Small Romanesque Church with two tower (first mentioned in 1360) - now Calvinist Church
István Molnár, 8 July 2000

Today is a National Holiday and I was on the ceremony in the town. It seems Papa have got a common flag only red and blue without coat of arms ratio 2:3 and a ceremonial flag with coat of arms (90% of the height of the flag) with gold fringes. Ratio 1:2. The colours of the coat of arms on the flag are heraldic colours.
István Molnár, 15 March 2001

The image of the ceremonial flag is based on the flag given by the Council of Pápa to the renewed railway station. Difference between this flag and the more common one: gold fringes on the three edge, and the type of the letters are different.
István Molnár, 13 August 2001

Resolutions about the symbols of Pápa (from 1974):
- Res. No. 3/1974. (X.18.) of Pápa town council about the Coat of Arms of the town and Res. No. 4/1974. (XII.27.) of Pápa town council about the flag of the town. Flag in use between 1 January 1975.- 31 December 1989 (see: 1975-1989 Flag)
- Res. No. 5/1989. (XII.21.) of Pápa town council modifying the Res. No. 3/1974. (X.18.) of Pápa town council about the Coat of Arms of the town. Flag in use between 1 January 1990- 28 February 1994 (see:Coat of Arms and 1990-1994 Flag)
- Res. No. 5/1994. (III.1.) of the Community of Town Pápa about the symbols of Pápa Flag. Flag in use from 1 March 1994
- Res. No. 20/1995. (IV.27.) of the Community of Town Pápa about Organisation of the Town. 2nd § about the symbols of the town: The colours of the flag are colours of the Coat of Arms
RED: Pantone Red 032U; Pantone Red 032C.
BLUE: Pantone Process Blue U; Pantone Process Cyan.
Star: GOLD: Pantone 873 U.
Moon: SILVER: Pantone 877 U.
GREEN: Pantone Green U; Pantone 347 C.
- Res. No. 20/2004. (VII.7.) of the Community of Town Pápa about the symbols of the town and the use of the symbols of the town. Modified the use of the symbols (permission, illegal use, punishment).
Source: Mayor's Office of Pápa Town.
István Molnár, 1 February 2007


Flag in Use

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image by István Molnár, 15 August 2001

In Pápa on the streets you can see the red-blue flag without the coat of arms only. Its ratio is 1:2, but you can see some flags with ratio 2:3 too.
István Molnár, 15 August 2001


Historical Flag


image by Antonio Martins, 28 Febuary 2001

This flag appears at Dr. Széll Sándor: Városaink neve, címere és lobogója (1941) as "Pápa, Veszprém Co.".
István Molnár, 20 October 2000

White and blue quarterly per saltire.
Antonio Martins, 28 Febuary 2001


1975-1989 Flag


image by István Molnár, 4 December 2000

Description of the coat of arms: "The principal figure of the Coat of Arms of the town is the "tree of the knowledge" rooted in the "socialist culture", which is encircled by the respected traditions and the symbols of the modern industry."
From the book "A magyar városok címerei" Budapest, 1975
István Molnár, 4 December 2000


1990-1994 Flag

The Flag

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image by István Molnár, 1 February 2007

I havn't got enough information about the blue colour of the shield.
István Molnár, 1 February 2007


Variant


image by István Molnár, 1 February 2007


Coat of Arms


image by István Molnár, 8 July 2000

Pápa used its coat of arms until 1948. In 1948 the new regime forbade the use coat of arms. The town started to reuse this coat of arms at the end of the 60's (you can see some prospectus). From 1974 the towns could used coat of arms, but they have been made new 'communist style' coat of arms which related to the 'socialist development', the 'power of the "labour movement"' - red star. After the end of the communist era, these coat of arms were removed.
István Molnár, 3 April 2001